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Name: Glipizide
Pregnancy Category C
Drug classes
- Antidiabetic agent
- Sulfonylurea, second generation
Therapeutic actions
Stimulates insulin release from functioning beta cells in the
pancreas; may
improve binding between insulin and insulin receptors or increase the
number of insulin receptors; more potent in effect than
first-generation
sulfonylureas.
Indications
Adjunct to diet to lower blood glucose in patients with
non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (Type II) Adjunct to insulin therapy in the stabilization of certain cases of
insulin-dependent maturity-onset diabetes, reducing the insulin
requirement and decreasing the chance of hypoglycemic reactions
Contraindications/cautions
Allergy to sulfonylureas; diabetes complicated by fever, severe
infections, severe trauma, major surgery, ketosis, acidosis, coma
(insulin is indicated in these conditions); Type I or juvenile
diabetes,
serious hepatic impairment, serious renal impairment, uremia, thyroid
or
endocrine impairment, glycosuria, hyperglycemia associated with
primary
renal disease; labor and delivery (if glipizide is used during
pregnancy,
discontinue drug at least 1 mo before delivery); lactation.
Adverse effects
- GI: Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, epigastric discomfort, heartburn,
diarrhea
- CV: Increased risk of cardiovascular mortality
- Hematologic: Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia
- Hypersensitivity: Allergic skin reactions, eczema, pruritus, erythema,
urticaria, photosensitivity, fever, eosinophilia, jaundice
- Endocrine: Hypoglycemia
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