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Submitted by Amer Hussien, M.D & Hesham Al-Inany M.D
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Approximately 10% of infants are born with some abnormality of the
genitourinary system.
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DES-related Mullerian abnormalities
Neoplastic : Vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma in 0.14-1.4 % of exposures
and small cell carcinoma of the cervix and CIN
Structural :
1. Vagina and cervix (1/4 of cases) :
- Transverse septa, vaginal adenosis, circumferential ridge in the
vagina and cervix and cervical collars
2. Uterine (2/3 of cases) :
Smaller cavities, T-shaped cavities, and shortened upper uterine segments
. About 1/2 of uterine defects are associated with cervical defects specially
a hypoplastic cervix
3. Tubal : Shortening , narrowing and absence of fimbriae .
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Reproductive performance :
- Lower conception rates
- Increased incidence of abortion : due to structural anomalies and
cervical incompetence
- Increased incidence of ectopic pregnancy : due to tubal and uterine
anomalies
- Infertility : due to cervical hypoplasia and atresia
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