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Submitted by Dr. Hesham Al-Inany, M.D. Lecturer, Gynaecology
& Obstetrics dept. Kasr El-Aini hospital, Cairo University, Egypt.
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During Gamete Micromanipulation sperms are injected into an ovum to assist in
union of the gametes.
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Glossary
Gamete -micromanipulation:
Procedures applied to gametes and embryo in which
careful manipulation can be performed with micropipettes undervision via
the microscope.
Assisted
reproductive technology (ART)
Is any procedure where the oocyte is manipulated
before returning to the body
either as oocyte or an embryo
(Ng et al, 1990 a).
Micro-insemination:
The
term micro-fertilization was first used by Alan Trounsan (1987) to describe
introduction of sperm into oocyte. However, the term micro-insemination
is more accurate because insemination is the process of adding sperm,
while fertilization is the result of sperm union with oocyte (Yanagimachi
,198 8 ).
Subzonal
sperm injection (SUZI) (micro-insemination sperm transfer) (MIST)
Sperm are introduced by micro-insemination process
either single or multiple into the perivitelline space (PVS) under the
zona (Ng et al, 1990 b).
Intracytoplasmic
sperm injection (I.C.S.I.) (micro-insemination microinjection into cytoplasm)
(MIMIC)
New method to inject the sperm into the cytoplasm
of the oocyte
(Palermo et al, 1992).
This method is still in its first stages and needs to be elaborated.
Zona drilling (ZD)
Creating small holes in the ZP by mechanical or
local application of a zona solvent
like acid or enzymes using microneedle to inject the material
(Gordon and Talansky, 1986).
Partial zona
dissection (PZD)
The mechanical breaching of the ZP to provide an
access through which sperm can more easily gain path to the egg
(Cohen et al, 1990).
Assisted
hatching
Opening of the ZP of early cleaved embryo by partial
slicing by means of micromanipulation
before replacement
so as to improve chances of eventual
hatching (Cohen et al, 1990).
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