Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Nephrology for October 2012. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.
U.S. Medicare Spending on Elderly Has Outpaced Canada's
TUESDAY, Oct. 30 (HealthDay News) -- U.S. Medicare spending on the elderly has grown nearly three times faster than its Canadian counterpart, according to a study published online Oct. 29 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Overweight, Obese Teens at Risk for End-Stage Renal Disease
TUESDAY, Oct. 30 (HealthDay News) -- Being overweight or obese as an adolescent is significantly associated with increased risk for all-cause treated end-stage renal disease (ESRD), according to a study published online Oct. 29 in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
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Link Between Vitamin D, Mortality Not Impacted by eGFR
THURSDAY, Oct. 25 (HealthDay News) -- Adults with low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) have increased mortality, regardless of the presence of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60 ml/min/1.73 m², according to a study published online Oct. 24 in PLoS One.
Genuine Very Large Effects in Trials Rare in Medicine
TUESDAY, Oct. 23 (HealthDay News) -- Large treatment effects are most likely to be found in small studies, with the effect diminishing with additional trials, according to research published in the Oct. 24 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Novel Liver X Receptor Agonist Benefits Diabetic Nephropathy
MONDAY, Oct. 22 (HealthDay News) -- A new therapeutic target that activates the liver X receptor (LXR) suppresses expression of inflammatory genes, including osteopontin, and improves kidney health and function in a mouse model of diabetes, according to a study published online Oct. 18 in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
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Glycocalyx Barrier Impaired in Dialysis Patients
FRIDAY, Oct. 19 (HealthDay News) -- Patients undergoing dialysis have an impaired glycocalyx barrier and elevated levels of its constituents in their blood, according to a study published online Oct. 18 in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
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Return to Work Difficult for Doctors on Sick Leave
THURSDAY, Oct. 18 (HealthDay News) -- Returning to work after a prolonged sick leave for physical or mental health problems, or drug or alcohol problems, is difficult for doctors, who describe self-stigmatization and fear a negative response on their return to work, according to a study published online Oct. 15 in BMJ Open.
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No Increase in ICU Death With HES for Fluid Resuscitation
WEDNESDAY, Oct. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Use of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) for fluid resuscitation in the intensive care unit (ICU) is not associated with increased 90-day mortality but does correlate with increased use of renal-replacement therapy, according to a study published online Oct. 17 in the New England Journal of Medicine to coincide with presentation at the annual meeting of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, held from Oct. 13 to 17 in Lisbon, Portugal.
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Chloride-Restriction Lowers Rates of Kidney Injury in ICU
TUESDAY, Oct. 16 (HealthDay News) -- A chloride-restrictive intravenous fluid strategy in the intensive care unit (ICU) is associated with significantly decreased incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and use of renal replacement therapy (RRT), according to a pilot study published in the Oct. 17 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Fluoro-Less Ureteral Stent Placement Deemed Feasible
MONDAY, Oct. 15 (HealthDay News) -- The placement of ureteral stents following uncomplicated ureteroscopic stone removal, without fluoroscopy for image guidance, is feasible and has comparable accuracy and complication rates to that of conventional ureteral stent placement with fluoroscopy, according to research published online in the October issue of Urology.
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Drug Class Linked to Worse Outcomes After Transplant
FRIDAY, Oct. 12 (HealthDay News) -- Kidney transplant patients who receive mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors after transplant have a greater probability of death or transplant failure than patients receiving calcineurin inhibitors, according to a study published online Oct. 1 in the American Journal of Transplantation.
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Gene Variant in Donors Affects Kidney Graft Survival
FRIDAY, Oct. 12 (HealthDay News) -- A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the donor ABCB1 gene, known to alter protein expression, significantly increases the risk of long-term graft failure, according to a study published online Oct. 11 in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
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More Active Lifestyle Could Cut Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease
FRIDAY, Oct. 5 (HealthDay News) -- More physical activity and less time sitting are associated with a reduced risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), independent of other risk factors, according to research published in the October issue of the American Journal of Kidney Disease.
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Inadequate Education ID'd As Barrier to Home Hemodialysis
FRIDAY, Oct. 5 (HealthDay News) -- Barriers to implementation of successful home hemodialysis include lack of patient and physician education, according to a study published online Oct. 4 in the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
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Limiting the Problem of Missing Data Urged for Clinical Trials
WEDNESDAY, Oct. 3 (HealthDay News) -- Missing data compromise inferences from clinical trials, and due to the problematic nature of compensation with analysis methods, the importance of avoiding missing data in clinical trials is paramount, according to a special report published in the Oct. 4 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Observation Units Could Save $3.1 Billion Nationally Per Year
TUESDAY, Oct. 2 (HealthDay News) -- The addition of observation units to U.S. hospitals which do not currently have them in place could save $3.1 billion nationally per year in health care costs, according to a study published online Sept. 26 in Health Affairs.
Patients Benefit From Access to Physician Notes
MONDAY, Oct. 1 (HealthDay News) -- Patients report clinically relevant benefits and minimal concerns, while doctors do not experience negative consequences, from allowing patient access to visit notes, according to a study published in the Oct. 1 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.
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