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Back to Drug index
Name: Dicyclomine hydrochloride
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The FDA approved Xolair™, the first in a new class of asthma therapies that
are bioengineered to target IgE.
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Pregnancy Category C
Drug classes
- Antispasmodic
- Anticholinergic
- Antimuscarinic
- Parasympatholytic
Mechanisms of action
Direct GI smooth muscle relaxant; competitively blocks the effects of
acetylcholine at muscarinic cholinergic receptors that mediate the effects
of parasympathetic postganglionic impulses, thus relaxing the GI tract.
Indications
Treatment of functional bowel or irritable bowel syndrome (irritable
colon, spastic colon, mucous colitis)
Contraindications/cautions
Contraindicated in the presence of glaucoma; adhesions between iris and
lens, stenosing peptic ulcer, pyloroduodenal obstruction, paralytic ileus,
intestinal atony, severe ulcerative colitis, toxic megacolon, symptomatic
prostatic hypertrophy, bladder neck obstruction, bronchial asthma, COPD,
cardiac arrhythmias, tachycardia, myocardial ischemia; impaired metabolic,
liver, or kidney function, myasthenia gravis; lactation.
Use caution in the presence of Down's syndrome, brain damage, spasticity,
hypertension, hyperthyroidism.
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Adverse effects
- CNS: Blurred vision, mydriasis,
cycloplegia, photophobia, increased intraocular pressure
- GI: Dry mouth, altered taste perception,
nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, heartburn, constipation, bloated feeling,
paralytic ileus, gastroesophageal reflux
- CV: Palpitations, tachycardia
- GU: Urinary hesitancy and retention;
impotence
- Local: Irritation at site of IM
injection
- Other: Decreased sweating and
predisposition to heat prostration, suppression of lactation
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