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Three major types of tumors are included under the NSCLC category: AdenocarcinomaAdenocarcinoma is currently the most common type of NSCLC, accounting for approximately 40% of cases. Adenocarcinoma is most likely to occur in nonsmokers or former smokers. It is the most common tumor in women. Usually presents as a small peripheral lesion that has a high propensity to metastasize to both regional lymph nodes and distant sites. Because of the tendency of the primary tumor to occur in peripheral locations, it frequently produces no symptoms. Bronchoalveolar adenocarcinomaThe incidence of the bronchoalveolar type of adenocarcinoma is increasing. This tumor appears to rise from type 2 pneumocytes, and it may present as a pneumonic infiltrate, as multiple nodules scattered throughout the lungs, and, occasionally, as a single nodule. Squamous cell tumorsSquamous cell tumors comprise approximately 30% of all cases of lung cancer. Usually occur in a central location and tend to spread to regional lymph nodes; they are the most likely of all lung cancers to remain localized and to cavitate (15%-30% of patients die without evidence of distant metastases). Large-cell carcinomaLarge-cell carcinoma accounts for approximately 10%-15% of all lung cancers. It tends to be a relatively large peripheral lesion, and, like adenocarcinoma, it has a high propensity to metastasize to regional lymph nodes and distant sites.
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