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Free Radicals, Types, Sources and
Damaging Reactions
Submitted by Dr. Tamer Fouad, M.D.
Types of Free Radicals in the body (continued)
Singlet oxygen:
It is a nonradical (does not
have an unpaired electron) reactive oxygen species often associated
with oxygen free radicals that has strong oxidising activity.
Singlet oxygen (1O2) is an electronically
excited and mutagenic form of oxygen. It is generated by input of
energy, example radiation, but can also be generated enzymatically
by the action of peroxidases or lipoxigenases or by the reaction of
hydrogen peroxide with hypochlorite or
peroxynitrite
(Di Mascio et al. 1994,
Di Mascio et al. 1996), thermo-decomposition of dioxetanes (Briviba
et al. 1996), or during the respiratory burst of phagocytes (Steinbeck
et al. 1993). They are also generated in biological systems in a
number of pigment reactions including chlorophylls, retinal and
flavins when they are illuminated in the presence of oxygen.
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