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Sjögren's syndrome
Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder in which immune cells
attack and destroy the glands that produce tears and saliva. Sjögren's
syndrome is also associated with rheumatic disorders such as rheumatoid
arthritis. The hallmark symptoms of the disorder are dry mouth and dry
eyes. In addition, Sjögren's syndrome may cause skin, nose, and vaginal
dryness, and may affect other organs of the body including the kidneys,
blood vessels, lungs, liver, pancreas, and brain.
Treatment
There is no known cure for Sjögren's syndrome nor is there a specific
treatment to restore gland secretion. Treatment is generally symptomatic
and supportive. Moisture replacement therapies may ease the symptoms of
dryness (some patients use goggles to increase local humidity).
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be used to treat
musculoskeletal symptoms. For individuals with severe complications,
corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs may be prescribed.
Prognosis
Sjögren's can damage vital organs of the body with symptoms that may
plateau, worsen, or go into remission. Some people may experience only
the mild symptoms of dry eyes and mouth, while others go through cycles
of good health followed by severe disease. Many patients are able to
treat problems symptomatically. Others are forced to cope with blurred
vision, constant eye discomfort, recurrent mouth infections, swollen
parotid glands, hoarseness, and difficulty in swallowing and eating.
Debilitating fatigue and joint pain can seriously impair quality of
life.
Research
The goals of research on disorders such as Sjogren's syndrome focus on
increasing knowledge and under-standing of the disorder, improving
diagnostic techniques, and finding ways to treat, prevent, and cure the
disorder.
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