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Laparoscopic surgery
Laparoscopic surgery, also called keyhole surgery (when natural body
openings are not used) or minimally invasive surgery (MIS), is a
surgical technique. Medically laproscopic surgery refers only to
operations within the abdomen or pelvic cavity.
In the laparoscopy procedure, the abdomen is filled with carbon
dioxide gas so that the abdominal wall balloons away from the
internal organs. The surgeon makes a series of small cuts (5-15 mm)
and inserts a laparoscope, a small telescope-like instrument.
Using fibre optic technology, video cameras (videoscopic procedures
using a laparoscope or endoscope) allows the surgeon to see what he
is doing. The other cuts allow the entrance of the instrument used
to cut, sew or burn. The surgery may take anything between half an
hour to several hours.
This approach hopefully minimizes operative blood loss and
post-operative pain, and speeds recovery times. However the restricted
vision, difficult handling of the instruments (hand-eye coordination),
lack of tactile perception and the limited working area can increase
the possibility of damage to surrounding organs and vessels, either
accidentally or through the difficultly of procedures.
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